Firdaus, Muhammad Ihsan (2019) The Concept of Parables in the Qur’an and Hadith (Study on Al-Amthal fi Al-Qur’an Al-Karim by Ibn Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah and Al-Amthal fi Alhadith Al-Nabawi by Al-Asbahani). Skripsi, Ushuluddin dan Humaniora.

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ABSTRAK

Teachings, commandments, and lessons in the Qur’ān and ḥadīth was conveyed in various method. One of this method is, to convey messages from Allah and al-Nabī by parables or amthāl. The purpose of using amthāl was to make people easier in understanding messages and lessons from Qur’ān and ḥadīth. Many researches and discussions was talking about parables of the Qur’ān and its concept, even it triggered the polemic among ulūm Qur’ān scholars. It was inversely proportional on parables of the ḥadīth, because it still becomes minority discussion, even contemporary scholars begin talking about it, but it was still too few. Amthal, or mathal in singular is comparison of something with something other, comparison of the abstract into the concrete. It also lessons that contained examples and phylosophies of life. There are three mathal as known: (1) mathal sā’ir, idioms grew among people tongue, (2) mathal qiyāsī, narration contained descriptions of particular things, and (3) mathal al-kuhrāfī, that came from nonhuman tongue. There are two Muslim scholars was being the reference of parables discussion, Ibnu Qayyim al-Jawzīyah with his Al-Amthāl fī Al-Qur’ān Al-Karīm and Abū Shaikh al-Aṣbahānī with his Kitāb Al-Amthāl fī Al-Hadīth Al-Nabawī. Inside their book was containing parables, but is was a little different. Al-Amthāl by Ibn Qayyim clearly explained about the parables of the Qur’ān, and Al-Amthāl by al-Aṣbahānī seems only collecting parables of the ḥadīth. This research is a library research. Primary data was taken from both of books of Al-Amthāl fī Al-Qur’ān by Ibnu Qayyim al-Jawzīyah and Al-Amthāl fī Al-Hadīth by al-Aṣbahānī, and secondary data was taken from books of tafsīr, sharḥ al-ḥadīth, and others. Data was researched by descriptive-comparison method, in order to find similarities and differences between parables of the Qur’ān and ḥadīth, and in this research parables are divided into two type, almathal al-sā’ir and al-mathal al-qiyāsī. As the result of research was found that parables of the Qur’ān and ḥadīth has similarities and differences in words arrangement, lessons contained, and aimed object. If it was al-mathal al-sā’ir, both of them are using brief sentence, but contains extensive meaning and lesson. If if was al-mathal al-qiyāsī, Qur’ān clearly explained about the object of its parables, whereas ḥadīth still keep its brief to convey messages.

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