Wahidah, Wahidah (2011) Mencari Benang Merah Antara Konstitusi Madinah dengan Kontrak Sosial Rousseau. Jurnal Konstitusi, IV (1). pp. 97-131.

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ABSTRAK

Social contract is a political theory that has been initiated by Jean Jacques Rousseau, the celebrated French intellectuals who also became the title of his monumental work. as a thinker who contributed to the development of a country's original desirable with the basic principles of democrated life in the state, Rousseau states that a majority must represent the public interest, the will of the people (volunte generale). Related to this popular sovereignty theory, long before the XVII century, in a dozen centuries ago, Prophet Muhammad PBUH, accordance with the principles of Islamic teachings brought, already preceded by issuing a shifah, state law, a legislative enactment, the first draft of a theocratic state constitution, the agreement to help each other, the first political manifesto in the Islamic state, or the then popular with designation Medina Charter/Constitution of Medina. On this basis, the birth of the constitution of Medina into one form and concrete examples of the sosial contract (the agreement) in wich embodied the principles of unity, brotherhood, equality and freedom as the desired Rousseau, though operationally there is such a distinction between two kinds of contracts intended, primarily associated with the loss of human freedom issue when the contract. But one thing that should be underlined here is, what is the focus of Rousseau's thought in this case, is in accordance with the principles of Islamic teachings are embodied by the constitution of Medina through 47 chapters. Beside, he will always act as a life goal state until today.

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