Annisa Mahfuzah, SEI: Effectiveness of MUI Fatwa Number 22 Year 2011 on
Environmentally Friendly Mining in South Kalimantan (Case Study in Tabalong
District) under the guidance of I: Dr. H. Sukarni, M. Ag. and II: Dr. H. Jalaluddin,
M.Hum., On PostGraduate Program of UIN Antasari Banjarmasin, (2018).
This research is motivated by the rampant exploitation of land in Indonesia,
especially South Kalimantan which is rich in mining products. The abundant
wealth should be for the welfare and mashlahat of the people as stated in the MUI
Fatwa Number 22 Year 2011 About on Environmentally Friendly Mining.
However, what happens in the field shows that mining activities have negative
impacts on the environment.
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of MUI Fatwa Number 22
Year 2011 About Environmentally Friendly Mining in South Kalimantan. In
addition to knowing the form of socialization and the constraints faced in the
socialization of the fatwa as well as efforts to solve the MUI.
This research includes empirical sociological law research, ie research
conducted in certain environments, in this case done in South Kalimantan
Province (case study in Tabalong District) with qualitative approach. There are
four people who become key informants in this research, namely the MUI
Tabalong District, Environment Agency, Mining Actors and the communities
around the mining site. The informants were interviewed by purposive sampling
which results will be comparable and explored and then draw conclusions of
concrete analysis. Analysis is done descriptively qualitative and using Spradley
model analysis.
The results show that the fatwa is not effective. The ineffectiveness of the
fatwa is evident from the expected non-conformity of the results. Where there are
still many people who do not know the fatwa and the goals contained in the fatwa
that is for welfare and mashlahat not achieved because of the economic inequality
in society. The obstacles faced are the constraints stewardship of MUI Tabalong
District, both in terms of human resources and funding in socialization. Lack of
awareness and legal compliance of the community and mining actors is also a
constraint, coupled with the lack of role of religious leaders in supporting the
socialization process. Based on the Spradley model analysis shows that the
obedience and awareness of the people in running the rules in accordance with the
teachings of religion is influenced by the culture of the people of Tabalong
Regency who have an perspective anthroponsentrisme way towards the
environment as well as the priority economic motives. So that this fatwa will not
be effective despite the socialization and application of sanctions against violators
of the rules without any awareness and adherence by Indvidu itself.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Environmentally Friendly Mining, Tabalong District